Past Simple en Inglés: Verbos Regulares e Irregulares
Domina el Past Simple completamente: conjugaciones, pronunciación de verbos regulares, 100+ verbos irregulares esenciales y 20 ejercicios empresariales. La guía definitiva para hablar del pasado con confianza y precisión profesional.
JARGON TRAINING TEAM
31 Agosto 2025
Última actualización
31 Agosto 2025
Índice de Contenidos
¿Qué es el Past Simple y cuándo usarlo?
Concepto Fundamental
El Past Simple se usa para hablar de acciones completadas en el pasado. Es como contar una historia: "Ayer hice esto, luego aquello..."
Ejemplos empresariales:
- • "I finished the report yesterday"
- • "She presented the results last week"
- • "We launched the product in March"
Cuándo usar:
- • Acciones terminadas en tiempo específico
- • Secuencia de eventos pasados
- • Hábitos pasados (ya no ocurren)
1. Acciones específicas
Con tiempo determinado:
- • "I worked late yesterday"
- • "She called at 3 PM"
- • "We met last Tuesday"
2. Secuencias pasadas
Eventos uno tras otro:
- • "First, I checked emails"
- • "Then, I attended the meeting"
- • "Finally, I wrote the summary"
3. Estados pasados
Situaciones que ya terminaron:
- • "I was the manager there"
- • "The office had 50 employees"
- • "She lived in London then"
Verbos regulares: Formación y pronunciación
Regla básica: Verbo + ED
La mayoría de verbos en inglés son regulares: se forma el pasado añadiendo -ed
work
↓
worked
start
↓
started
finish
↓
finished
Reglas de escritura especiales
1. Verbos terminados en -e
Solo se añade -d:
- • live → lived
- • arrive → arrived
- • decide → decided
- • organize → organized
2. Verbos terminados en -y
Consonante + y → -ied:
- • study → studied
- • try → tried
- • carry → carried
- • apply → applied
3. Consonante + vocal + consonante
Se dobla la consonante final + -ed:
Pronunciación de -ED
El -ed se pronuncia de tres formas diferentes:
/t/ - sonido T
Después de: p, k, f, s, sh, ch
- • worked /wɜːrkt/
- • finished /ˈfɪnɪʃt/
- • helped /helpt/
- • asked /æskt/
/d/ - sonido D
Después de sonidos sonoros
- • played /pleɪd/
- • organized /ˈɔːrɡənaɪzd/
- • called /kɔːld/
- • lived /lɪvd/
/ɪd/ - sonido ID
Después de: t, d
- • wanted /ˈwɔːntɪd/
- • needed /ˈniːdɪd/
- • decided /dɪˈsaɪdɪd/
- • started /ˈstɑːrtɪd/
Verbos irregulares: Lista completa y patrones
Los verbos irregulares se deben memorizar
No siguen la regla de +ed. Cada uno tiene su propia forma en pasado. Pero hay patrones que facilitan el aprendizaje:
No cambian
- • cut → cut
- • put → put
- • let → let
- • set → set
Cambio vocal
- • sing → sang
- • drink → drank
- • swim → swam
- • begin → began
Terminan en -ought
- • bring → brought
- • buy → bought
- • think → thought
- • teach → taught
100+ Verbos Irregulares Más Comunes
Organizados por frecuencia de uso en contextos empresariales
| Infinitivo | Past Simple | Significado | Infinitivo | Past Simple | Significado |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| be | was/were | ser/estar | have | had | tener |
| do | did | hacer | say | said | decir |
| get | got | obtener | make | made | hacer/crear |
| go | went | ir | know | knew | saber/conocer |
| think | thought | pensar | take | took | tomar |
| see | saw | ver | come | came | venir |
| give | gave | dar | find | found | encontrar |
| tell | told | contar/decir | become | became | convertirse |
| feel | felt | sentir | leave | left | dejar/salir |
| put | put | poner | bring | brought | traer |
| begin | began | empezar | keep | kept | mantener |
| hold | held | sostener | write | wrote | escribir |
| stand | stood | estar de pie | hear | heard | oír |
| let | let | dejar/permitir | mean | meant | significar |
| set | set | establecer | meet | met | conocer/encontrar |
| run | ran | correr | pay | paid | pagar |
| sit | sat | sentarse | speak | spoke | hablar |
| lie | lay | yacer | lead | led | liderar |
| read | read | leer | grow | grew | crecer |
| lose | lost | perder | send | sent | enviar |
| build | built | construir | understand | understood | entender |
| draw | drew | dibujar | break | broke | romper |
| spend | spent | gastar | cut | cut | cortar |
| rise | rose | subir | drive | drove | manejar |
| buy | bought | comprar | wear | wore | usar/llevar puesto |
| choose | chose | elegir |
Verbos irregulares más importantes para negocios
Comunicación:
- • say → said (decir)
- • tell → told (contar)
- • speak → spoke (hablar)
- • write → wrote (escribir)
- • send → sent (enviar)
Operaciones:
- • make → made (hacer)
- • do → did (hacer)
- • get → got (obtener)
- • give → gave (dar)
- • take → took (tomar)
Negaciones y preguntas en Past Simple
Negaciones
didn't + verbo base
Estructura:
Sujeto + didn't + verbo base + complemento
Ejemplos empresariales:
- • "I didn't finish the report"
- • "She didn't attend the meeting"
- • "We didn't meet the deadline"
- • "They didn't approve the budget"
¡IMPORTANTE! Después de didn't SIEMPRE se usa el verbo base, nunca el pasado: didn't go ✅ (no didn't went ❌)
Preguntas
Did + sujeto + verbo base?
Estructura:
Did + sujeto + verbo base + complemento?
Ejemplos empresariales:
- • "Did you finish the presentation?"
- • "Did she call the client?"
- • "Did they sign the contract?"
- • "Did we meet the target?"
Respuestas cortas:
- • "Yes, I did" / "No, I didn't"
- • "Yes, she did" / "No, she didn't"
Preguntas Wh- (What, Where, When, etc.)
Estructura:
Wh-word + did + sujeto + verbo base + complemento?
Ejemplos comunes:
- • "What did you do yesterday?"
- • "Where did she go for lunch?"
- • "When did they arrive?"
- • "How did you solve the problem?"
Contexto empresarial:
- • "Why did we lose the client?"
- • "Who did you meet at the conference?"
- • "How much did it cost?"
- • "Which option did they choose?"
Excepción: Verbo TO BE
Con el verbo TO BE NO se usa did/didn't:
Negaciones con TO BE:
- • "I wasn't at the office" (no I didn't be)
- • "She wasn't available"
- • "We weren't ready"
Preguntas con TO BE:
- • "Was the meeting productive?"
- • "Were you satisfied with results?"
- • "Where was the conference?"
Expresiones de tiempo con Past Simple
Palabras clave que indican Past Simple
Estas expresiones casi siempre van con Past Simple porque indican tiempo pasado específico:
Tiempo específico:
Tiempo atrás:
Fechas/horas:
Secuencias:
Ejemplos empresariales por categoría
Reuniones y eventos:
- • "We had a board meeting yesterday"
- • "The conference ended last Friday"
- • "I presented the results two hours ago"
Proyectos y tareas:
- • "She finished the project last month"
- • "We launched the product in January"
- • "The team completed it on time"
Contraste con otros tiempos
Past Simple vs Present Perfect:
- • "I worked there in 2020" (Past Simple - específico)
- • "I have worked there for 3 years" (Present Perfect - duración)
Past Simple vs Present Simple:
- • "I worked yesterday" (Past Simple - pasado)
- • "I work every day" (Present Simple - rutina)
Ejercicios Interactivos: Past Simple
Practica verbos regulares e irregulares, negaciones y preguntas con estos 20 ejercicios diseñados para situaciones empresariales reales:
Yesterday, I _____ the quarterly report and _____ it to all managers.
She _____ the presentation and _____ very confident.
We _____ the deadline last month.
_____ the client _____ the contract?
The meeting _____ very productive. All participants _____ satisfied.
Last week, our team _____ (work) on three different projects.
I _____ to London and _____ an important business partner.
Yesterday, they _____ (plan) the marketing campaign and _____ (study) the market research.
She _____ early, _____ breakfast, and _____ to the office.
I _____ in that company _____ five years.
First, he _____ (arrive) at the office, then he _____ (check) his emails.
When _____ you _____ the report?
The company _____ new software and _____ all employees to use it.
The project _____ (begin) in January and _____ (end) in March.
Last quarter, sales _____ by 15% and profits _____ significantly.
Why _____ they _____ to the meeting yesterday?
I _____ (start) working here three years ago.
He _____ the document, _____ it carefully, and _____ some changes.
During the meeting, we _____ (discuss) the budget and _____ (decide) to reduce costs.
She _____ her presentation, _____ questions from the audience, and _____ very pleased with the results.
Errores más comunes y pronunciación
Error 1: Usar pasado después de didn't/did
❌ Incorrecto:
- • "I didn't went to the meeting"
- • "Did you saw the email?"
- • "She didn't knew the answer"
✅ Correcto:
- • "I didn't go to the meeting"
- • "Did you see the email?"
- • "She didn't know the answer"
Error 2: Confundir verbos irregulares
❌ Incorrecto:
- • "He brang the documents" (brought)
- • "We catched the train" (caught)
- • "She goed to London" (went)
- • "I buyed a laptop" (bought)
✅ Correcto:
- • "He brought the documents"
- • "We caught the train"
- • "She went to London"
- • "I bought a laptop"
Error 3: Pronunciación incorrecta de -ED
❌ Pronunciación incorrecta:
- • worked /wɜːrkED/
- • asked /æskED/
- • played /pleɪED/
✅ Pronunciación correcta:
- • worked /wɜːrkt/
- • asked /æskt/
- • played /pleɪd/
Solo -ED como sílaba:
- • wanted /ˈwɔːntɪd/
- • needed /ˈniːdɪd/
- • decided /dɪˈsaɪdɪd/
Estrategias para memorizar verbos irregulares
Técnica 1: Agrupación por patrones
- • Grupo -ought: bring→brought, buy→bought, think→thought
- • Grupo sin cambio: cut→cut, put→put, let→let
- • Grupo -ew: know→knew, grow→grew, fly→flew
Técnica 2: Uso frecuente
- • Practica los 20 más comunes primero
- • Úsalos en frases empresariales reales
- • Crea historias con varios verbos irregulares
💡 Consejo Pro:
Aprende 5 verbos irregulares nuevos cada semana. En 10 semanas tendrás los 50 más importantes. Practica cada día con situaciones empresariales reales.
¡Domina el Past Simple!
Ahora tienes las herramientas para hablar del pasado con confianza. El Past Simple es fundamental para contar experiencias, describir proyectos completados y narrar eventos empresariales.
✅ Lo que has aprendido:
- • Formación de verbos regulares e irregulares
- • Pronunciación correcta de -ed
- • Negaciones y preguntas con did/didn't
- • 100+ verbos irregulares esenciales
- • Expresiones de tiempo específicas
🎯 Próximos pasos:
- • Practica verbos irregulares diariamente
- • Cuenta historias usando Past Simple
- • Continúa con Future Forms A2
- • Aplica en presentaciones de proyectos