THERE IS y THERE ARE son estructuras fundamentales para expresar existencia o presencia de algo en inglés. Son equivalentes al español "hay", pero en inglés debemos distinguir entre singular y plural, lo que las hace esenciales para comunicarse profesionalmente.
¿Cuál es la diferencia clave?
La diferencia principal es el número del sustantivo que sigue:
- THERE IS + sustantivo singular o incontable
- THERE ARE + sustantivo plural
- Se combinan con SOME (afirmativo) y ANY (negativo/pregunta)
- Son esenciales para describir oficinas, recursos y situaciones
Estructuras Básicas
THERE IS (Singular)
✓ Afirmativo
There is + singular/uncountable noun
"There is a meeting at 3 PM."
✗ Negativo
There isn't + singular/uncountable noun
"There isn't enough time."
? Pregunta
Is there + singular/uncountable noun + ?
"Is there a problem?"
THERE ARE (Plural)
✓ Afirmativo
There are + plural noun
"There are five departments."
✗ Negativo
There aren't + plural noun
"There aren't many applicants."
? Pregunta
Are there + plural noun + ?
"Are there any questions?"
Contables vs Incontables: La Clave
Para usar correctamente THERE IS/ARE, debes entender la diferencia entre sustantivos contables e incontables.
Sustantivos Contables
Se pueden contar: 1, 2, 3...
Singular → THERE IS
- • There is a meeting room.
- • There is one employee absent.
- • There is a computer available.
Plural → THERE ARE
- • There are three offices.
- • There are many clients waiting.
- • There are some documents missing.
Sustantivos Incontables
No se pueden contar individualmente
Siempre → THERE IS
- • There is information available.
- • There is coffee in the kitchen.
- • There is money in the budget.
- • There is time for questions.
Comunes en Business:
information, advice, money, time, work, experience, equipment, furniture
Some vs Any: El Complemento Perfecto
THERE IS/ARE se combinan frecuentemente con SOME y ANY para expresar cantidad indefinida.
SOME (Afirmativo)
Uso: Frases afirmativas y preguntas (ofreciendo)
There are some new clients.
There is some information available.
Would you like some coffee?
Can I have some help?
SOME en preguntas cuando ofrecemos algo o esperamos respuesta afirmativa.
ANY (Negativo/Pregunta)
Uso: Frases negativas y preguntas generales
There aren't any meetings today.
There isn't any coffee left.
Are there any questions?
Is there any news?
ANY en negaciones y preguntas generales (sin expectativa específica).
Escenarios Empresariales Reales
Practica con estas situaciones típicas del mundo profesional.
Describiendo la Oficina
"There is a reception area on the ground floor."
"There are five meeting rooms in total."
"There isn't a canteen, but there is a coffee machine."
"Are there any parking spaces available?"
Reunión de Estado
"There are some updates on the project."
"There is a problem with the delivery."
"There aren't any major issues to report."
"Is there anything else we need to discuss?"
Recursos Disponibles
"There are enough computers for everyone."
"There is some budget available for training."
"There aren't any vacant positions right now."
"Are there any volunteers for the committee?"
Errores Comunes y Cómo Evitarlos
❌ Error #1: Confundir singular/plural
Incorrecto: "There are a problem"
Correcto: "There is a problem"
"Problem" es singular, por tanto THERE IS
❌ Error #2: SOME/ANY mal usado
Incorrecto: "There aren't some meetings today"
Correcto: "There aren't any meetings today"
ANY en negativo, SOME en afirmativo
❌ Error #3: Incontables con THERE ARE
Incorrecto: "There are information available"
Correcto: "There is information available"
Los incontables siempre van con THERE IS
❌ Error #4: Orden incorrecto en preguntas
Incorrecto: "There is any questions?"
Correcto: "Are there any questions?"
En preguntas: IS/ARE + THERE + sustantivo
Ejercicios Interactivos
Practica THERE IS/ARE con estos ejercicios basados en situaciones empresariales reales.
Error: No hay preguntas disponibles para este ejercicio.
Resumen Ejecutivo
THERE IS
- • Singular contable
- • Incontable
- • There is a meeting
- • There is some time
THERE ARE
- • Plural contable
- • Varios elementos
- • There are meetings
- • There are some files
SOME
- • Afirmativo
- • Preguntas (ofreciendo)
- • Some documents
- • Would you like some?
ANY
- • Negativo
- • Preguntas generales
- • There aren't any
- • Are there any?